Modified plastics are designed to improve or enhance the physical properties of plastics by blending, filling, reinforcing, copolymerizing, cross-linking and other methods to modify general-purpose and engineering plastics to achieve the purpose. Plastic filling modification is the fastest growing new industry in plastic industry in recent years. With the rapid development of the plastics industry, filling masterbatch is no longer a single application for filling materials, people through more advanced technology from the production of open, dense refining, adding inorganic materials, chemical additives and other materials to highlight the characteristics and commonalities of each, and then using twin-screw extruder, three-screw extruder for mixing and extrusion, has become an important way and method to improve the special properties of plastic products.
At present, Chinas automobiles, home appliances, communications, high-grade tools and other modified plastics demand is large. First of all, the automobile to achieve lightweight, but also to meet the application requirements, and a single resin is difficult to achieve the application requirements, plastic modification has become an indispensable and important technology and materials. 2017, Chinas total automobile production reached 29,015,400 units, the demand for modified plastics more than 5 million tons, and show a rapid growth trend. The hollow glass beads developed by Sinosteel Group Maanshan New Materials Co., Ltd. have a density of 0.28g/cm3~0.6g/cm3, and when added to PA, PP, PC, ABS and other resins, the physical properties are improved while the density is significantly reduced.
Next is the home appliance industry. At present, there are many plastic parts to replace metal parts in various home appliances, the annual demand for various plastics and the demand for modified plastics double-digit growth, and increasing year by year. Ltd. has successfully developed microfine quartz powder applied to plastics, rubber, reduce wear 10%, improve impact density, insulation and chemical stability.
Third, a variety of modified plastics in the communications industry, the application of the advantages of the prominence of the laptop shell, base plate, cell phones and other components mostly use modified plastics. Such as ABS / carbon fiber, PA / carbon fiber, PP / carbon fiber, resin / silicon micro powder and other materials, such new high-strength plastic functional materials have gradually replaced metal materials. Ningbo Bolilong Composite Material Technology Co., Ltd. Li Zhigang, a senior engineer, has devoted himself to researching carbon fiber/resin materials, which are used in notebook computers, automobiles, intelligent machinery and other industries, and is known as the "invisible champion".
Fourth, with the increasing requirements of various power tools in terms of insulation, flame retardancy, light weight, etc., plastic modification can improve or enhance their functions, so as to meet the product application requirements. The modifier developed by Nanjing Jinlaiwang Plastic Technology Co., Ltd. can reduce the oil absorption value of inorganic powder by more than 10% and improve the glossiness, toughness and impact strength of plastic products.
Fifth, modified plastics are more and more widely used in railroad, military, medical and aerospace applications. Artificial organs, artificial bone joints and high temperature resistance, aging resistance, high strength functional modified plastics have played an active role in the rapid development of high technology. Ltd. produces PP, PA, ABS, PS and talc, wollastonite, mica and silicone powder, carbon fiber and other composite modified materials, has been used in automotive, medical, military and other industries.
Filling Modification
Filler masterbatch is to reduce the production cost as the main purpose, mostly using inorganic powder or industrial waste with low price and wide source as filler material, and adding the right amount of additives and synthetic resin production.
Heavy calcium carbonate filler masterbatch is a widely used filler material in the plastics industry, with manufacturers all over China and an annual output of more than 5 million tons. Tianjin Yuquan Industry and Trade Co., Ltd. uses blending, extrusion and granulation of environmentally friendly production processes to make granular masterbatch, which is mainly used in blistering, injection molding, calendering and other olefin plastic products, and has become an important measure and means to reduce the production cost of plastic products, improve product performance and expand application areas. Ltd. developed PLA/CaCO3 packaging film, adding more than 50% of calcium powder, which reduces the cost of raw materials and also facilitates the complete natural degradation of discarded products.
Light calcium carbonate is widely used in PVC pipes, profiles, plates and other products. The functional modifier developed by Guangdong Dongguan Aoda Chemical Co., Ltd. can be applied to PVC products to increase the impact strength by 60%, elongation by 200%, increase the amount of filler materials, improve the shrinkage rate and appearance of plastic products, etc. In recent years, light calcium in the production process of high energy consumption, pollution, by the national environmental protection policy restrictions, there are many plastic products gradually replace the light calcium carbonate with heavy calcium carbonate.
Modified masterbatch
Modified masterbatch is a new modified material developed on the basis of filled masterbatch. Add glass fiber, talc, mica, wollastonite, barium sulfate, kaolin and other inorganic materials in the resin, or add synthetic resin or additives with special properties in the processing, such as: anti-aging agents, antioxidants, flame retardants and other additives or POE, EVA, etc. These composite materials play a different material functional properties in the application. For example, PP talc is used in automobile bumpers, dashboards, and interior decorative parts of automobiles, which has the advantages of increasing impact strength, improving bending modulus, reducing shrinkage, and reducing rigidity loss caused by vehicle impact.
The resin/silica/silicone powder modified masterbatch developed by Dalian Global Technology Co., Ltd. can improve the physical properties and increase the heat deflection temperature of plastic products by 40%~60% when used in plastic parts such as automobile engine periphery and headlight bracket. Ltd. produces steel-plastic hot melt adhesive and compatibilizer for metal/wood powder/mineral/plastic multi-layer composites to improve the compatibility of different materials and enhance mechanical properties.
Functional modification
Plastics with graphene, silicone powder, rare earth, magnesium hydroxide, metal microfine powder (silver, copper, zinc, etc.) and other different materials, through the modification technology to improve the product index, flame retardancy, aging resistance, high and low temperature resistance and other physical properties are improved, but also to achieve electrical conductivity, antibacterial, insulation, reinforcement and other special properties, has taken a place in the market of major durable plastic products.
CGN Juner New Material Co., Ltd. is a famous R&D and manufacturing enterprise of high performance modified engineering plastics in China. Its main products include modified nylon, modified polycarbonate, modified polyester, modified polyolefin, thermoplastic continuous fiber composites and special engineering plastics, which are used in industrial appliances, automobiles, electronics, construction materials, new energy, aviation and nuclear power, etc. Many products have been exported to Europe and America and other countries. The resin/aluminum alloy double-layer hard crust micro-foam outdoor sports flooring researched by senior engineer Xue Mingsheng of Beijing Zhonglian Jiancheng Building Materials Co., Ltd. for many years has the advantages of mortise and tenon combination, disassembly, easy movement, non-toxic and tasteless, environmental protection, etc. It meets the standard requirements of ASTMF2772-11 and GB/T 19995-2, and is a new generation of green sports flooring.
Multi-composite modified
Ltd. has developed carbon fiber/synthetic resin/functional auxiliaries, which are used in oil drilling engineering, aircraft, home appliances and other parts. Multi-composite modification is mainly through the plastic "alloying" method, the plastic and one or more inorganic materials, polymer materials, chemical additives, etc., through blending, grafting, blocking and other forms of combination together, so that the performance of the components complement each other, constitute a variety of excellent performance of plastic materials, so as to improve performance and multifunctional purpose. These "alloys" are used in high-tech industries and have become new functional materials for aviation, aerospace, automobiles, railroads, mechanical parts, medical materials, etc. They are characterized by light weight, high strength and excellent performance.
The main research direction of the School of Materials Science and Engineering of North Central University is the high performance and functionalization of plastics, and the successful nylon flame retardant composite material is modified with nylon/inorganic material/magnesium hydroxide, sodium antimonate and zinc borate, and the flame retardant performance reaches V-0 level, with obvious environmental protection effect and improved heat resistance, which is used in electronic, electrical and military products.
Special modification
Development trend of modified plastics
Inorganic materials nano
Inorganic materials are widely used in plastics, and the functions of inorganic materials are gradually highlighted with the ultra-fine particle size. Plastics modified with inorganic nano-powders have many unique properties, which bring new development opportunities to the development of plastics industry. Inorganic nanoparticles can give new functions to plastics, improve the aging resistance, flame retardant effect, increase the thermal change temperature, wear resistance, etc. For example, the heat deflection temperature of PA6 modified with 5% organic montmorillonite can be increased by 1.5 times; the addition of nano-clay in PET drastically reduces the gas transmission rate of the material, which is 100 times smaller than the oxygen transmission rate of pure PET. The amount of inorganic nanoparticles added to plastics is small, generally 3% to 5%, and the density of the composite material is almost unchanged or increased very little compared with the original resin, and there is no disadvantage of decreasing other properties due to too much filler.
Chemical additives efficient
Development of new high-efficiency additives to become an important development direction of modified plastics, modified plastics involving additives in addition to the additives commonly used in plastics processing, such as heat stabilizers, plasticizers, UV absorbers, nucleating agents, antistatic agents, dispersants and flame retardants, etc., toughening, flame retardant, efficiency, alloy compatibility (interface compatibility) and other high-efficiency, multi-effect functional additives for modified plastics is also very critical.
Usually the type and quality of some additives play a key role in certain properties and costs of modified plastics, especially in the new toughening agents, flame retardant synergists, alloy compatibility agents to achieve high performance engineering plastics and special engineering plastics, such as low-cost is of great significance.
Environmental protection of modified plastics
As peoples awareness of environmental protection and environmental regulations become increasingly strict, the concept of renewable use of plastics, environmental sustainability, biodegradable, non-toxic, tasteless, non-polluting and other environmental protection has been integrated into the design and manufacturing process of modified plastics, to focus on the conservation of energy resources and rational use, the development of non-polluting, fully degradable, recyclable green and environmentally friendly modified plastics products have become a new hot spot.
Modified plastics is a marriage of different industries, should pay attention to and pay attention to the improvement and enhancement of production technology, focusing on multiple composite materials, a variety of process technology, theoretical and practical research and promotion. Especially in the research and production application of green biological additives, mass production of special functional materials (such as carbon fiber, liquid crystal polymers, graphene, etc.), the selection of inorganic mineral powder, nano-level material dispersion application and surface modification treatment and other aspects of process technology, should attract a high degree of attention of the industry, enterprises, experts, to contribute to the green and low-carbon development of Chinas plastics industry.
